Therefore, the column matrix is isomorphic to M ( G ).
2.
The vector is still conventionally represented by a linear combination of basis vectors or a column matrix:
3.
Note that in order for the ray to close on itself, the input column matrix has to equal the output column.
4.
The product of a square matrix multiplied by a column matrix arises naturally in linear algebra; for solving linear equations and representing linear transformations.
5.
These values are often displayed in a column matrix ( e . g . a column vector for a non-relativistic electron with spin } } ).
6.
In linear algebra, a square nonnegative matrix A of order n is said to be "'productive "', or to be a "'Leontief matrix "', if there exists a n \ times 1 nonnegative column matrix P such as P-AP is a positive matrix.